study guide exam #1 (brief)

1. Explain the components of a teaching plan: Cognitive domain, Psychomotor domain, and Affective domain. Include in your explanation how the presenter would evaluate each. (P/P: Ch. 25, pp. 365-366 and Lecture: Introduction to Patient Education 10/23)
--cognitive (understanding):
-knowledge-recalling new facts or information
-comprehension-understand meaning of new facts
-application-applying new ideas in a given situation
-analysis-break down facts in an organized manner
-synthesis-apply new ideas and create a whole new one
-evaluation-be critical about new information for a specific purpose
*patient states name and purpose of medication

--psychomotor (motor skills):
-perception: awareness of objects
-set: mental, physical, or emotional readiness to take action
-guided response: imitation of an act under guidance
-mechanism: higher level of guided response with gained confidence
-complex overt response: smooth and accurate performance of a skill
-adaptation: ability to change skill when unexpected problems arise
-origination: use existing skills to create new movement patterns
*patient gives self-injection

--affective (attitudes):
-receiving: willing to attend to another’s word
-responding: active participation by listening and reacting
-valuing: attaching worth to object or behavior
-organizing: utilizing personal value system to resolve conflicts
-characterizing: acting with a consistent value system
*patient accepts he/she has chronic illness

2. Describe the elements of a community assessment. (P/P: Ch. 3, pg. 41)
-structure: observe layout, location of services, and common meeting places
-population: demographics according to statistics
-social system: learn about social services such as school and health care

3. Discuss the factors to consider when providing health education. (P/P: Ch. 25, pp. 366-369 and Lecture: Introduction to Patient Education 10/23)
-motivation to learn: physiological and psychological factors
-ability to learn: sociocultural and capability factors
-learning environment: is it ideal?

4. Describe the physiological, cognitive and psychosocial changes of the aged. Include pharmacological aspects and multiple health problems. (Geriatric Concept Map, 10/30)
-physiological: decreased muscle mass, increased joint stiffness and bone loss, and overall decreased function
-cognitive: impaired memory and sensation
-psychosocial: decreased support and socialization, increased isolation and loss of identity and self-worth
-decreased liver function: decreased drug metabolism
-decreased kidney function: increased drug retention
-decreased GI function: decreased drug absorption
-polypharmacy: multiple medications can cause cascade effects to other problems

5. Discuss the assessment needed for the elderly patient. (Geriatric Concept Map, 10/30)
-standardized assessement tool to determine how limitations impair or affect ADLs

6. Discuss the nursing diagnoses appropriate for the elderly patient. (Geriatric Concept Map, 10/30)
-impaired gas exchange and ineffective tissue perfusion related to decreased cardiac ouput aeb activity intolerance
-risk for injury related to altered sensory perception, decreased muscle mass, or multiple medications

7. Discuss the roles of the community health nurse. (P/P: Ch. 3, pp. 38-41)
-caregiver: primary role; build safe community to achieve higher quality of life and function using nursing process
-case manager: establish plan of care for community using available resources and breakthrough obstacles
-collaborator: work with all persons involved with health care of a patient to develop and achieve goals
-educator: teach community skills and knowledge needed to care for themselves
-counselor: identify and clarify problems and guide through courses of action to solve problem
-client advocate: provide community with information to make informed decisions regarding healthcare services
-change agent: identify and implement more effective solutions to problems
-epidemiologist: protect community level health by surveying community risk factors for illnesses


8. Discuss the principles of appropriate delegation. (P/P: Ch. 21, Box 21-6)
-right task
-right circumstance
-right person
-right direction/communication
-right supervision

9. Discuss the attributes of a nurse manager. (Lecture: Leadership, Management, Delegation 10/23)
-effective communicator
-assertive
-accurate
-honest

10. Discuss the interventions for the elderly patient with visual impairment; hearing impairment. (Geriatric Concept Map, 10/30)
-visual: large print, bright colors, glasses, lit hallways
-hearing: low tones, speaking slowly, face patient, eliminate distractions

11. Discuss the home safety strategies for the aged. (Geriatric Concept Map, 10/30)
-assistive devices: adequate lighting, canes, and safety bars
-clearing pathways

12. Discuss the strategies to enhance and maintain long term memory. (Geriatric Concept Map, 10/30)
-stimulate thinking process: crosswords, crafts, engaging in conversations